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Review: Our Oldest Enemy

Some people might think that France has always loved the United States, at least until George W. Bush became President. However, according to John J. Miller and Mark Molesky they have spent much more time in opposition to America than as its friend.

It all started with the French & Indian Wars. The French did their best to use various Amerind tribes as cannon fodder in their war against the British colonies. Their heinous actions would be remembered by the colonists for many years to come.

When the American Revolution started the French didn’t like the concept of democracy at all, it was an abomination in the minds of the monarchy…. However it wasn’t as bad as their old enemy, Britain. The French were able to put aside their distaste for democracy just long enough to get some cheap shots in on their more despised enemy. French assistance to the Americans was limited and at times did more harm than good.

When the Revolution ended the struggle against the French continued. The French were willing to cede all the territory occupied by the British to the British Empire leaving the rebel colonies a shell of a new nation. Luckily Ben Franklin and others made sure that the French didn’t negotiate on behalf of the America.

Next came the Quasi-War, an undeclared war on the high seas between the Untied States and France. More lives are lost.

During the American Civil War the French attempted to gain control over Mexico…. The problem was the Mexicans didn’t want them and when the Civil War ended there were two large and battle hardened armies staring down at the French occupation forces. The French went home.

With the arrival of the twentieth century came a couple of world wars. In the first one America joined the fight against Germany and saved France. In return the French forced a harsh peace with Germany despite Wilson’s Fourteen Points and calls for leniency. This led to the United States saving France in the Second World War.

However liberating the French people in the Second World War brought America and France into violent conflict yet again. During Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa, American and British forces were attack, and some killed, by French forces. In addition the Allied leaders didn’t fully trust Charles De Gaulle and did their best to leave him out of many operations.

During the Cold War France withdrew from NATO and threatened to aim its nukes at the United States. A strange way of saying thank you.

Even during the War on Terror France has not been one of America’s staunchest allies.

Details on all of these events, as well as others, are covered by this book. While it has a strong anti-French slant, it does bring an interesting perspective to Franco-American relations.

It also doesn’t bash the French people. It goes after their various governments and the French elite. An interesting read.




Neverending History Exam part 4

Sorry this is late. Work has gotten even more busy. I should have some extra time over the next week to write some proper posts. Until then I’ve got a couple more random questions and the answers to last week’s.

Question #13: In which country would you find the Jewish Autonomous Oblast?
A: Russia
B: Israel
C: Poland
D: Germany

Question #14: In what year did the Soviet Union test their Tsar Bomba hydrogen bomb?
A: 1949
B: 1955
C: 1961
D: 1965

ANSWERS TO LAST WEEK’S QUESTIONS
#9: C - Edward V. Rickenbacker was the official top Ace of America from the Great War.
#10: B - The Boston Massacre was on 5 March 1770.
#11: A - India did not contribute troops to the Coalition during the Gulf War.
#12: D - During Operation Torch the Americans and British were battling the French.

Neverending History Exam part 3

Welcome back. This week I’ve got four more questions as part of the Neverending History Exam.

Question #9: Who was the highest scoring American ace during World War I?
A: Raoul G. Lufbery
B: Frank Luke, Jr.
C: Edward V. Rickenbacker
D: Chuck Yeager

Question #10: When was the Boston Massacre?
A: 3 July 1776
B: 5 March 1770
C: 19 April 1775
D: 19 October 1781

Question #11: Which country did not contribute troops to the Coalition during the Gulf War to liberate Kuwait?
A: India
B: Senegal
C: Bangladesh
D: Syria

Question #12: Operation Torch was an American & British invasion of North Africa in 1942. What forced battled the Allies during this invasion?
A: German
B: Italian
C: Moroccan nationalists
D: French

ANSWERS FOR LAST WEEK’S QUESTIONS:
#6: B - Gerald Ford had a chance at a NFL career when the Lions offered him a contract.
#7: A - Citizen Genêt was a French ambassador to the United States.
#8: C - The Teller Amendment

Across the Blogosphere: The Bones of Santa Claus

Saint Nicholas was a bishop in the city that is now Demre, Turkey back in the third century.  He would give gifts to the poor supposedly once even climbing down a chimney to leave a gift.

Centuries passed and when Muslims invaded the area the bones of Saint Nicholas were taken to Bari, Italy where they remain to this day.

There is an interesting post over at The History Blog about this topic and the Turkish government wanting the bones returned to their original resting place.  Please go check it out.

Neverending History Exam part 2

Welcome back. It’s been a busy week for me at work so I’ve only got a few new questions for this week. Here they are:

Question #6: Before becoming President of the Untied States, which of these men was offered a contract with the Detroit Lions?
A: Ronald Reagan
B: Gerald Ford
C: John F. Kennedy
D: Harry S. Truman

Question #7: Who was Citizen Genêt?
A: A French ambassador to the US who abused his position and violated American neutrality
B: Leader of the French Resistance in Lyons during World War 2
C: The man who took control of France after Napoleon Bonaparte
D: The protagonist in a movie from the 1930s

Question #8: Which of the following was part of the resolution of the Spanish-American War and included a clause that would not allow the US to annex Cuba?
A: Platt Amendment
B: Hay-Herran Treaty
C: Teller Amendment
D: De Lôme Letter

ANSWERS FROM LAST WEEKS QUESTIONS:
#1: B - The CSS Florida was the Confederate ship captured at Bahia, Brazil.
#2: D - The Battle of Maiwand was fought during the Second Anglo-Afghan War. The Afghans defeated the British in that battle.
#3: A - The Chicago Bears won the 1943 NFL Championship Game.
#4: D - Checkers was Nixon’s dog while he was Vice-President.
#5: D - Albany is the capital of New York.

Review: Hostile Skies

James J. Hudson’s Hostile Skies: A Combat History of the American Air Service in World War I is an outstanding book. It covers all aspects of American aeronautics during the war from the nearly non-existent air force when war was declared through all the training, bumps, and chaos as the Americans established themselves.

The book is more than just a series of descriptions of various American aces; it goes into the history of how the service was built from the ground up. Not only are combat aircraft covered but there are sections on the Balloon Corps that contributed to the war effort.

Each chapter is well documented with extensive notes to point the reader in the right direction for further research. I don’t think mine is ever going back on the shelf, I’m going to have to keep it at my desk for easy reference.

In the back there are a number of tables. One shows, by squadron, the number of squadron victories and victories by individual pilots. The second shows the records of the American Air Service Aces during the war, from Eddie Rickenbacker with 22 planes and 4 balloons destroyed to Jerry C. Vasconcelles & Rodney D. Williams who each had 4 planes and 1 balloon. The last table is of the officers who served as chiefs of the Air Service of the various army corps in the AEF.

The writing itself is good. It doesn’t read like a boring old high school history text. Mr. Hudson had experience during World War II as a pilot. He flew 191 missions in P-39, P-38, and P-47 aircraft and that experience shows in his writing.

With the wide range of data on the topic, the enjoyable writing style, and extensive footnotes, this book is a must-have for anyone interested in aviation during the Great War. It’s also priced reasonably.




Neverending History Exam part 1

Welcome to the first part of the Neverending History Exam! Every week, usually on Wednesdays, I’ll post a few random questions on history, some easy, some difficult, some strange. Since the exam will never end there will be no grades.

Question #1: While the American Civil War mostly took place in North America, there were some operations that took outside of the continent. One of these was the USS Wachusett capturing a Confederate ship in Bahia, Brazil. What was the name of the Confederate ship that was captured?
A: CSS Shenandoah
B: CSS Florida
C: CSS Huntress
D: CSS Louisiana

Question #2: Who won the Battle of Maiwand in 1880?
A: Russian Empire
B: The Zulu
C: British Empire
D: Afghanistan

Question #3: Which team won the 1943 NFL Championship game (Hint: It was not the Steagles)?
A: Chicago Bears
B: New York Giants
C: Washington Redskins
D: Detroit Lions

Question #4: What was the name of the dog Richard Nixon had while he was Vice-President of the United States?
A: Heidi
B: King Timahoe
C: Pasha
D: Checkers

Question #5: Here’s an easy one. What is the capital of New York State?
A: Buffalo
B: New York City
C: Yonkers
D: Albany

Next week will be the next set of questions as well as the answers for this week’s questions.

Hawaii Overprint Note

During World War II, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, America became worried about a possible invasion of the Hawaiian Islands. If the Japanese managed to conquer the islands they would have access to a large amount of cash in the banks and owned by the businesses and citizens of the territory.


$20 Hawaii Overprint Note

$20 Hawaii Overprint Note


On this chance the American government created the Hawaiian Overprint Notes. Regular money was withdrawn from circulation on Hawaii and these overprint notes were used. If Hawaii were to fall to the Japanese the money could instantly be made worthless.

In April 1946 these notes were recalled and many were destroyed.

Works Cited
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAWAII_Overprint_Note (accessed 17 December 2009)

RIP Robert G. Heft

On 12 December 2009 Robert G. Heft, the creator of the current 50-star flag for the United States, died.  He was a high school student when he designed it as part of a school project.  He received a B- for his efforts, but when President Eisenhower chose his design to become the new flag for America Heft’s grade bumped up to an A.

More information on Heft and his efforts to create the flag can be found over at the World History Blog post Who Created the First US Flag of 50 Stars?

Other Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Heft (accessed 13 December 2009)

Review: Vietnam Zippos

I haven’t read too much recently on Vietnam. The last book I had read on the subject was years ago when I took a class at college. However I recently got a copy of Vietnam Zippos by Sherry Buchanan. It is a really nice book.

This book is filled with photographs of a large number of Zippo lighters that belonged to American soldiers fighting in Vietnam. The various inscriptions and engravings are fascinating and give a view into the thoughts of the owners. Customizing their lighter was a way for many of them to express themselves. With each set of photos is a list of any information known on the previous owner such as where they were stationed and when. There are even notes explaining any slang or acronyms used on the engravings or the meanings of any symbols or pictures.

The book is 180 pages long and about 9 ½ by 8 ½ inches in size. It’s full color (except for a few B&W photos) and overall is a beautiful book. There are a few places where I don’t like the typesetting, but it does not take away from the book as a whole. Additionally it is reasonably priced with a cover price of $25 and I was able to get mine for about a third off. The binding seems pretty good (I have an extreme dislike of books with shoddy bindings) and was printed in Italy.

If you have an interest in the Vietnam War this would be a great book to add to your library. As I stated earlier I never really spent much time in the past really studying it but I still found myself compelled to purchase this book and don’t regret it.

FYI: There are a number of naughty words and pictures on many of these lighters.